Eclipses are shadow events. A solar eclipse happens when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, casting a shadow on Earth. A lunar eclipse happens when Earth is between the Sun and the Moon, and Earth’s shadow darkens the Moon.
A common question: “Why isn’t there an eclipse every month?” Because the Moon’s orbit is tilted compared to Earth’s orbit around the Sun. Most months, the Moon passes a little above or below the perfect alignment.
Solar eclipses are the dangerous ones to watch. Never stare at the Sun without proper eclipse glasses or a certified solar filter. Lunar eclipses are completely safe to view with your eyes.